To Kill a Mockingbird 50th Anniversary
Monday, February 28, 2011
Friday, February 25, 2011
Friday, February 18, 2011
Research Project Instructions
9th Grade Research Paper
(Counts as TWO Test Grades)
REQUIREMENTS:
1. Manila Envelope:
Purchase a 9 x 12 inch manila envelope to keep all parts of your research project together.
2. Topic:
This paper is a process paper that will explain the process of achieving the education, career, and home that you plan to have in the future.
BIG QUESTION: Where do I see myself in the future?
● How much money do I want to make? What kind of house do I want to live in?
● What city do I see myself living in? What is the cost of living there?
● What career can help me achieve those goals?
● What kind of education will I need?
In your research, you will explore all of these areas and figure out how to achieve your goals. You will need to research colleges, careers, and potential cities where you might live in this research. The finished product will be a how-to (process) paper that explains how to achieve your future plans.
Careers
You may research any one career that you are interested in pursuing. Your research will need to address the following areas regarding the job you have chosen to research:
Job Environment
■ Will this job require you to work inside or outside?
■ Will you travel, or will you work in one location?
■ Will you work with many people or by yourself?
Specific Tasks
■ How will you be spending your time in this job?
■ What percentage of time will you be spending on various tasks?
Working Hours and Conditions
■ Will you work a regular, 40-hour workweek?
■ Will you work days, nights, weekends?
■ Is there stress involved with this job? Are the working conditions safe, or are they hazardous?
Advantages or Rewards
■ What about this job could be stimulating or rewarding?
■ What would be the greatest advantages for you?
Typical Salary
■ What is the typical beginning salary in NC? in the US?
■ Does the salary increase with years of experience?
Physiological Requirements
■ Are there any special demands on your body for this career?
Personal Characteristics
■ Are there certain personal characteristics desirable, such as friendliness with new people or the ability to work unsupervised?
Disadvantages or Drawbacks
■ What could be the disadvantages to this career?
■ What might be a drawback for you?
Education
You should research schools and degree programs for the specific career you are interested in.
Education and Training
■ Does this career require a high school diploma, a college degree, or an advanced degree?
■ Is on-the-job training provided?
■ Does it require a certificate or a license? Do you have to pass any tests to attain that certificate or license?
■ Are you expected to continue your education and training once you enter into this career?
Special Skills and Abilities
■ Are there any special physical skills required to do this job? Any special talents or abilities?
■ Is the field so competitive that only a few people with specialized talents may enter it?
Cost of Living, Housing, Transportation
A good place to start is to look in the housing section of the local newspaper to find the costs of buying a home, or renting a home. Also, you can look online at prices in other area of the country if you are interested in living out of North Carolina.
3. Research/Content:
Once you have chosen a topic, you will need to research at least five (5) sources to obtain information that will substantiate your presentation. These sources should feature at least one book, one journal article, and one educational website. You must do the following with each source:
a. photocopy or print out copies of the sources used;
b. cite your sources using correct MLA format on your source information sheet; and
c. cite your sources using correct MLA format in a Works Cited page.
4. Criteria:
Research is an important process, and you will be required to meet several deadlines leading up to the presentation’s final due date. Furthermore, while you will be given some class time to work on your project, a majority of work will need to be done outside of class. Keep in mind, each of these items must also be resubmitted in your final packet.
2/28/2011 Research Proposal due
3/7/2011 Photocopies/print outs of 2 Sources with MLA citation info on Source Information Sheets due
3/17/2011 Photocopies/print outs of 3 Sources with MLA citation info on Source Information Sheets due
3/28/2011 Outline with thesis statement due
4/7/2011 **Rough Draft with parenthetical
documentation and works cited page due
4/15/2011 Final Packet: Manila Envelope with
Typed Final Draft and Works Cited page, Copies of Sources with Source Info Sheets attached, Rough Draft, Rubric/Grade Sheet
NO LATE PAPERS WILL BE ACCEPTED. NO EXCEPTIONS!
Research Project Steps
1. Purchase a manila envelope (9 x 12 inch preferred) to keep all research materials together.
2. Choose a topic.
3. Research your topic to find out what information is available using the computer catalog, CD-Rom, Internet, etc. Photocopy/print out copies of sources and copy down all MLA information needed when you have the actual source in your hands!!
4. Highlight information and/or take notes from the research, put all MLA citation information on source information page, and attach copies of the research to the back of the source information page.
5. Create a controlling idea (thesis statement).
6. Organize the material and prepare an outline that you will follow as you write your paper and a rough works cited page using MLA format.
7. Write a rough draft. Your rough draft must be typed.
● Check to be sure that you have used at least FIVE sources in your draft.
● Check to be sure that you have at least two (2) direct quotations and one (1) paraphrase or summary in each body paragraph.
● Be sure to use parenthetical/in-text documentation to cite the source of every piece of information and quotes used.
8. Revise and edit. Remember: to revise is to rewrite, use different and stronger words, and rearrange sentences, write your thoughts more clearly. To edit is to correct punctuation, spelling, and grammar.
9. Type your final draft (double check that all sources are used and correctly documented) and the final works cited page using MLA format.
10. Place all items in the manila envelope: Typed final draft and works cited, rough draft, copies of sources with source information sheets, rubric/grade sheet
Note Taking
The most practical way to prepare your research presentation is to photocopy or print out sources as you find them and highlight the information you wish to use. Jotting notes and all relevant MLA citation information on the Source Information Sheets will make it easy to organize your information later. You can also attach extra sheets if you need more pages to take notes.
All applicable information for the works cited page should be filled in at the top of the Source Information Sheets, and a photocopy/print out of the consulted pages of the source should be attached behind the Source Information Sheet.
Photocopies/Print Outs of relevant pages from all sources of information cited in the paper must be turned in with the paper. Quotations must be highlighted.
Works Cited
No research work can be complete without a listing of all the references consulted in the preparation of the project. The works cited list provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and be able to read any sources you cite. Each source you cite in the written presentation/speech must appear in your works-cited list; likewise, each entry in the works-cited list must be cited in your text.
A formal works cited page must be attached on the back of the rough and final copies of your written paper. There must be AT LEAST five (5) published sources listed – and there must be at least three (3) different types of sources used including a book, a journal article and an educational website.
Here are some guidelines for preparing your works cited list:
List Format
● Begin your works cited list on a separate page from the text of the essay under the label Works Cited (with no quotation marks, underlining, etc.), which should be centered at the top of the page.
● Make the first line of each entry in your list flush left with the margin. Subsequent lines in each entry should be indented one-half inch. This is known as a hanging indent.
● Double space all entries, with no skipped spaces between entries.
● Keep in mind that underlining and italics are equivalent; you should select one or the other to use throughout your essay.
● Alphabetize the list of works cited by the first word in each entry (usually the author's last name).
Basic Forms for Sources in Print
The MLA Style Manual provides extensive examples of print source citations in chapter six; The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers provides extensive examples covering a wide variety of potential sources in chapter six. If your particular case is not covered here consult the MLA Handbook or visit internet MLA sites listed on http://vcaenglish.blogspot.com/ or RENWEB.
Parenthetical (In-text) Documentation
Photocopies or print outs of relevant pages from all information cited in the paper must be turned in with the paper. Quotations must be highlighted.
Each time information is used in the body of the written paper it must be documented. This rule applies not just to directly quoted material, but material that is paraphrased as well. Failure to document sources in the body of the paper leads the reader to suspect plagiarism and question the writer’s credibility. Failure to cite information used will result in a FAILING GRADE!
The proper format of in-text documentation is to follow the researched material in the text of the paper with the author’s name and page that the material appeared in the original source. If you mention the author’s name in the sentence, you only need the page number. For example:
Indirect quotation:
Stacy Douglas, in his essays on the American West, pointed out that the plow was a key tool in settling that region (45).
Direct quotation:
Stacy Douglas wrote, “Plows were essential to the settlement of the West in the late 1800’s” (45).
Paraphrase:
Other tools were necessary to the settlers of the Old West, like the plow (Douglas 45).
Outline
More than two points of specific information SHOULD BE USED to support each main point, so numbering and lettering can and should be expanded and developed for your paper.
NOTE: This sample outline is ONE WAY to set up your paper. You may organize it differently if you want to.
I. Paragraph One (Introduction) This paragraph is the introduction. In this paragraph, you will introduce your career, schools you have researched, living arrangements, and explain why you chose these particular topics.
A. Attention Getting Device - anecdote or information to entice reader
1. Comment on anecdote/statistic/ information
2. Introduction to career field
3. Introduction to location of schools and final city for career
B. Thesis statement (Career you have chosen and three main points you are going to discuss)
II. Paragraph Two This should be a detailed description of your job. What does a person in this field do? What purpose does this job fulfill? Why was it created? What does the future of this career look like? What are the daily activities of this job?
A. First Main Point (Topic Sentence)
B. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
C. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
D. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
E. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
F. Concluding Sentence
III. Paragraph Three This should be a detailed analysis of the rewards and benefits that come with this profession. Why are you interested in a career in this field? What benefits are included in this job—financial, personal, community? Why would someone want to be a member of this profession?
A. First Main Point (Topic Sentence)
B. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
C. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
D. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
E. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
F. Concluding Sentence
IV. Paragraph Four This should be a detailed explanation of what you need to do to obtain and maintain a job in this field. Consider what education you might need. Do you need to go to college or technical school? What kind of college? Two-year, four-year, or more? What are the best colleges in your field? What other skills do you need to develop in order to succeed at obtaining a job in this field? Do you need any special training (internships, apprenticeships)? Discuss the skills (mental, physical, and other) that will ensure success in this profession. Describe these skills in detail.
A. Third main point (Topic Sentence)
B. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
C. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
D. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
E. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
F. Concluding Sentence
V. Paragraph Five (Conclusion) Begin with a restatement of the main ideas in your body paragraphs. Summarize the research you found on your career. Discuss potential benefits of the location of your career/home. Give your final statement about the career you’ve presented. Make a universal statement about this career.
1. Restatement of ideas in body paragraphs
2. Final judgment about career
3. Discussion of benefits of the location
4. Universal statement/Concluding Sentence
Typed Final Draft
Do not use contractions and make sure that the paper is not written in second person – including no direct address to the reader with written or implied “you” statements. Limit the use of 1st person to the introduction and conclusion paragraphs ONLY!
1. A 12-point Times New Roman font should be used for the final draft and works cited page.
2. All typed pages should be double-spaced. DO NOT SKIP EXTRA LINES BETWEEN PARAGRAPHS.
3. Double-space within works cited entries and double space between each entry.
4. Margins should be set at one inch on all four sides of the page for the presentation notes and works cited page.
5. Page numbers with last names should appear at the top right of each page (use the header function).
6. The words Works Cited should appear at the top of that page and it should be numbered with your typed speech.
7. The title should appear centered at the top of the first page of the written presentation/speech just below the MLA header that is aligned with the left margin.
8. Tab once at the beginning of each paragraph – that will create a ½ inch indent.
Grading
This project is worth 2 test grades. Please see the attached grade breakdown for specifics.
All pieces of this research project (except your notes) should be typed and in MLA format. No exceptions. Due the nature of the project, all process parts are due on the day stated. If you do not have that part on that day, you will receive a zero for that particular section. If you are absent on the day a particular part is due, it is due on the day you return. It is your responsibility to turn it in.
Finally, I WILL NOT ACCEPT LATE RESEARCH PAPERS. Please make sure you are in class on the day the final draft is due. If you are not going to be here, make arrangements for your paper to be here. Thanks!
The following scenarios are considered cheating and can result in an automatic failing grade:
Plagiarism: Presenting someone else’s words or ideas as your own. Correct use of in-text documentation avoids this problem. Failing to document sources (i.e. no photocopies of sources, little or no in-text documentation of information, and/or not using proper format for direct quotations]or extensive paraphrasing without documentation is plagiarism and will result in a failing grade on this assignment.
Collaboration: Working with one or more people to produce a paper as a group project. This assignment is NOT a collaborative effort, so you should complete all of the work on the paper yourself.
Excessive Editing: Allowing other people to write or revise a paper or complete a project that is supposed to be your work alone. Parents or others that mean well can cross this line easily. Make sure that if you receive assistance, it NOT be any more than suggestions about where your paper needs improvement.
**ROUGH DRAFT PROCEDURES: I will be checking your work for completeness during class; however, you will need to schedule an individual conference with me for a later time. I am available on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday from 7:30-7:50, Monday through Friday from 3:00-3:30, and during 5th, 7th, and 8th periods, if you have a study hall during those times. You are not allowed to skip another class to meet with me.
(Counts as TWO Test Grades)
REQUIREMENTS:
1. Manila Envelope:
Purchase a 9 x 12 inch manila envelope to keep all parts of your research project together.
2. Topic:
This paper is a process paper that will explain the process of achieving the education, career, and home that you plan to have in the future.
BIG QUESTION: Where do I see myself in the future?
● How much money do I want to make? What kind of house do I want to live in?
● What city do I see myself living in? What is the cost of living there?
● What career can help me achieve those goals?
● What kind of education will I need?
In your research, you will explore all of these areas and figure out how to achieve your goals. You will need to research colleges, careers, and potential cities where you might live in this research. The finished product will be a how-to (process) paper that explains how to achieve your future plans.
Careers
You may research any one career that you are interested in pursuing. Your research will need to address the following areas regarding the job you have chosen to research:
Job Environment
■ Will this job require you to work inside or outside?
■ Will you travel, or will you work in one location?
■ Will you work with many people or by yourself?
Specific Tasks
■ How will you be spending your time in this job?
■ What percentage of time will you be spending on various tasks?
Working Hours and Conditions
■ Will you work a regular, 40-hour workweek?
■ Will you work days, nights, weekends?
■ Is there stress involved with this job? Are the working conditions safe, or are they hazardous?
Advantages or Rewards
■ What about this job could be stimulating or rewarding?
■ What would be the greatest advantages for you?
Typical Salary
■ What is the typical beginning salary in NC? in the US?
■ Does the salary increase with years of experience?
Physiological Requirements
■ Are there any special demands on your body for this career?
Personal Characteristics
■ Are there certain personal characteristics desirable, such as friendliness with new people or the ability to work unsupervised?
Disadvantages or Drawbacks
■ What could be the disadvantages to this career?
■ What might be a drawback for you?
Education
You should research schools and degree programs for the specific career you are interested in.
Education and Training
■ Does this career require a high school diploma, a college degree, or an advanced degree?
■ Is on-the-job training provided?
■ Does it require a certificate or a license? Do you have to pass any tests to attain that certificate or license?
■ Are you expected to continue your education and training once you enter into this career?
Special Skills and Abilities
■ Are there any special physical skills required to do this job? Any special talents or abilities?
■ Is the field so competitive that only a few people with specialized talents may enter it?
Cost of Living, Housing, Transportation
A good place to start is to look in the housing section of the local newspaper to find the costs of buying a home, or renting a home. Also, you can look online at prices in other area of the country if you are interested in living out of North Carolina.
3. Research/Content:
Once you have chosen a topic, you will need to research at least five (5) sources to obtain information that will substantiate your presentation. These sources should feature at least one book, one journal article, and one educational website. You must do the following with each source:
a. photocopy or print out copies of the sources used;
b. cite your sources using correct MLA format on your source information sheet; and
c. cite your sources using correct MLA format in a Works Cited page.
4. Criteria:
Research is an important process, and you will be required to meet several deadlines leading up to the presentation’s final due date. Furthermore, while you will be given some class time to work on your project, a majority of work will need to be done outside of class. Keep in mind, each of these items must also be resubmitted in your final packet.
2/28/2011 Research Proposal due
3/7/2011 Photocopies/print outs of 2 Sources with MLA citation info on Source Information Sheets due
3/17/2011 Photocopies/print outs of 3 Sources with MLA citation info on Source Information Sheets due
3/28/2011 Outline with thesis statement due
4/7/2011 **Rough Draft with parenthetical
documentation and works cited page due
4/15/2011 Final Packet: Manila Envelope with
Typed Final Draft and Works Cited page, Copies of Sources with Source Info Sheets attached, Rough Draft, Rubric/Grade Sheet
NO LATE PAPERS WILL BE ACCEPTED. NO EXCEPTIONS!
Research Project Steps
1. Purchase a manila envelope (9 x 12 inch preferred) to keep all research materials together.
2. Choose a topic.
3. Research your topic to find out what information is available using the computer catalog, CD-Rom, Internet, etc. Photocopy/print out copies of sources and copy down all MLA information needed when you have the actual source in your hands!!
4. Highlight information and/or take notes from the research, put all MLA citation information on source information page, and attach copies of the research to the back of the source information page.
5. Create a controlling idea (thesis statement).
6. Organize the material and prepare an outline that you will follow as you write your paper and a rough works cited page using MLA format.
7. Write a rough draft. Your rough draft must be typed.
● Check to be sure that you have used at least FIVE sources in your draft.
● Check to be sure that you have at least two (2) direct quotations and one (1) paraphrase or summary in each body paragraph.
● Be sure to use parenthetical/in-text documentation to cite the source of every piece of information and quotes used.
8. Revise and edit. Remember: to revise is to rewrite, use different and stronger words, and rearrange sentences, write your thoughts more clearly. To edit is to correct punctuation, spelling, and grammar.
9. Type your final draft (double check that all sources are used and correctly documented) and the final works cited page using MLA format.
10. Place all items in the manila envelope: Typed final draft and works cited, rough draft, copies of sources with source information sheets, rubric/grade sheet
Note Taking
The most practical way to prepare your research presentation is to photocopy or print out sources as you find them and highlight the information you wish to use. Jotting notes and all relevant MLA citation information on the Source Information Sheets will make it easy to organize your information later. You can also attach extra sheets if you need more pages to take notes.
All applicable information for the works cited page should be filled in at the top of the Source Information Sheets, and a photocopy/print out of the consulted pages of the source should be attached behind the Source Information Sheet.
Photocopies/Print Outs of relevant pages from all sources of information cited in the paper must be turned in with the paper. Quotations must be highlighted.
Works Cited
No research work can be complete without a listing of all the references consulted in the preparation of the project. The works cited list provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and be able to read any sources you cite. Each source you cite in the written presentation/speech must appear in your works-cited list; likewise, each entry in the works-cited list must be cited in your text.
A formal works cited page must be attached on the back of the rough and final copies of your written paper. There must be AT LEAST five (5) published sources listed – and there must be at least three (3) different types of sources used including a book, a journal article and an educational website.
Here are some guidelines for preparing your works cited list:
List Format
● Begin your works cited list on a separate page from the text of the essay under the label Works Cited (with no quotation marks, underlining, etc.), which should be centered at the top of the page.
● Make the first line of each entry in your list flush left with the margin. Subsequent lines in each entry should be indented one-half inch. This is known as a hanging indent.
● Double space all entries, with no skipped spaces between entries.
● Keep in mind that underlining and italics are equivalent; you should select one or the other to use throughout your essay.
● Alphabetize the list of works cited by the first word in each entry (usually the author's last name).
Basic Forms for Sources in Print
The MLA Style Manual provides extensive examples of print source citations in chapter six; The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers provides extensive examples covering a wide variety of potential sources in chapter six. If your particular case is not covered here consult the MLA Handbook or visit internet MLA sites listed on http://vcaenglish.blogspot.com/ or RENWEB.
Parenthetical (In-text) Documentation
Photocopies or print outs of relevant pages from all information cited in the paper must be turned in with the paper. Quotations must be highlighted.
Each time information is used in the body of the written paper it must be documented. This rule applies not just to directly quoted material, but material that is paraphrased as well. Failure to document sources in the body of the paper leads the reader to suspect plagiarism and question the writer’s credibility. Failure to cite information used will result in a FAILING GRADE!
The proper format of in-text documentation is to follow the researched material in the text of the paper with the author’s name and page that the material appeared in the original source. If you mention the author’s name in the sentence, you only need the page number. For example:
Indirect quotation:
Stacy Douglas, in his essays on the American West, pointed out that the plow was a key tool in settling that region (45).
Direct quotation:
Stacy Douglas wrote, “Plows were essential to the settlement of the West in the late 1800’s” (45).
Paraphrase:
Other tools were necessary to the settlers of the Old West, like the plow (Douglas 45).
Outline
More than two points of specific information SHOULD BE USED to support each main point, so numbering and lettering can and should be expanded and developed for your paper.
NOTE: This sample outline is ONE WAY to set up your paper. You may organize it differently if you want to.
I. Paragraph One (Introduction) This paragraph is the introduction. In this paragraph, you will introduce your career, schools you have researched, living arrangements, and explain why you chose these particular topics.
A. Attention Getting Device - anecdote or information to entice reader
1. Comment on anecdote/statistic/ information
2. Introduction to career field
3. Introduction to location of schools and final city for career
B. Thesis statement (Career you have chosen and three main points you are going to discuss)
II. Paragraph Two This should be a detailed description of your job. What does a person in this field do? What purpose does this job fulfill? Why was it created? What does the future of this career look like? What are the daily activities of this job?
A. First Main Point (Topic Sentence)
B. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
C. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
D. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
E. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
F. Concluding Sentence
III. Paragraph Three This should be a detailed analysis of the rewards and benefits that come with this profession. Why are you interested in a career in this field? What benefits are included in this job—financial, personal, community? Why would someone want to be a member of this profession?
A. First Main Point (Topic Sentence)
B. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
C. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
D. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
E. Specific Information Supporting/Developing First Main Point
F. Concluding Sentence
IV. Paragraph Four This should be a detailed explanation of what you need to do to obtain and maintain a job in this field. Consider what education you might need. Do you need to go to college or technical school? What kind of college? Two-year, four-year, or more? What are the best colleges in your field? What other skills do you need to develop in order to succeed at obtaining a job in this field? Do you need any special training (internships, apprenticeships)? Discuss the skills (mental, physical, and other) that will ensure success in this profession. Describe these skills in detail.
A. Third main point (Topic Sentence)
B. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
C. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
D. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
E. Specific Information Supporting/Developing Third Main Point
F. Concluding Sentence
V. Paragraph Five (Conclusion) Begin with a restatement of the main ideas in your body paragraphs. Summarize the research you found on your career. Discuss potential benefits of the location of your career/home. Give your final statement about the career you’ve presented. Make a universal statement about this career.
1. Restatement of ideas in body paragraphs
2. Final judgment about career
3. Discussion of benefits of the location
4. Universal statement/Concluding Sentence
Typed Final Draft
Do not use contractions and make sure that the paper is not written in second person – including no direct address to the reader with written or implied “you” statements. Limit the use of 1st person to the introduction and conclusion paragraphs ONLY!
1. A 12-point Times New Roman font should be used for the final draft and works cited page.
2. All typed pages should be double-spaced. DO NOT SKIP EXTRA LINES BETWEEN PARAGRAPHS.
3. Double-space within works cited entries and double space between each entry.
4. Margins should be set at one inch on all four sides of the page for the presentation notes and works cited page.
5. Page numbers with last names should appear at the top right of each page (use the header function).
6. The words Works Cited should appear at the top of that page and it should be numbered with your typed speech.
7. The title should appear centered at the top of the first page of the written presentation/speech just below the MLA header that is aligned with the left margin.
8. Tab once at the beginning of each paragraph – that will create a ½ inch indent.
Grading
This project is worth 2 test grades. Please see the attached grade breakdown for specifics.
All pieces of this research project (except your notes) should be typed and in MLA format. No exceptions. Due the nature of the project, all process parts are due on the day stated. If you do not have that part on that day, you will receive a zero for that particular section. If you are absent on the day a particular part is due, it is due on the day you return. It is your responsibility to turn it in.
Finally, I WILL NOT ACCEPT LATE RESEARCH PAPERS. Please make sure you are in class on the day the final draft is due. If you are not going to be here, make arrangements for your paper to be here. Thanks!
The following scenarios are considered cheating and can result in an automatic failing grade:
Plagiarism: Presenting someone else’s words or ideas as your own. Correct use of in-text documentation avoids this problem. Failing to document sources (i.e. no photocopies of sources, little or no in-text documentation of information, and/or not using proper format for direct quotations]or extensive paraphrasing without documentation is plagiarism and will result in a failing grade on this assignment.
Collaboration: Working with one or more people to produce a paper as a group project. This assignment is NOT a collaborative effort, so you should complete all of the work on the paper yourself.
Excessive Editing: Allowing other people to write or revise a paper or complete a project that is supposed to be your work alone. Parents or others that mean well can cross this line easily. Make sure that if you receive assistance, it NOT be any more than suggestions about where your paper needs improvement.
**ROUGH DRAFT PROCEDURES: I will be checking your work for completeness during class; however, you will need to schedule an individual conference with me for a later time. I am available on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday from 7:30-7:50, Monday through Friday from 3:00-3:30, and during 5th, 7th, and 8th periods, if you have a study hall during those times. You are not allowed to skip another class to meet with me.
Thursday, February 17, 2011
Lord of the Flies Study Guide for final test
Lord of the Flies
By William Golding
Study Guide
Key Ideas:
1. The title of the novel, Lord of the Flies, refers literally to the translation of the word Beelzebub, which can mean: the devil, Satan, or chief devil. When the head of a pig is impaled on a stick and begins to attract flies, the boys refer to it as the Lord of the flies. It represents the devil in form, though throughout the book, Golding shows how evil is present in all of us and within the boys themselves.
2. In the beginning the mood is one of joy and freedom as the boys discover an island paradise without adults. The mood, however, slowly turns to one of darkness and fear, as everything breaks up. At the end, there is no authority or discipline, only savagery, evil, death, and destruction.
3. From beginning to end, Golding has structured Lord of the Flies around the ideas of man's fallen nature and his basic inhumanity to his fellow man. The novel begins with a group of boys who have tried to escape the ravages and savagery of a nuclear war. They crash on an island, a beautiful, tropical paradise. The boys are delighted to be there, away from adults and rules. But they quickly turn their freedom into a nightmare, reverting from civilized to primitive; in the process they become savages and two boys are killed.
4. The symbolic outcome of the story is tragic. The boys revert to a base state of evil and savagery. They ignore the rational advice of Ralph and Piggy and begin to relish brutality, killing Simon and Piggy in the process. Through the outcome, Golding says that mankind often reverts to evil and savagery when placed in a natural, uncivilized environment.
SYMBOLISM
The novel is full of colorful symbolism. Some of the symbols are interpreted below:
The Island - It represents a Garden of Eden, then after the boys arrive, it represents the corrupt nature of mankind.
Piggy's eyeglasses - represents wisdom and knowledge.
The conch shell - represents civilization and authority. It is also a symbol of democracy.
The Signal fire - represents hope and salvation; rescue.
The death of Piggy and the destruction of the conch - represents the absolute breakdown of society and reason.
The pig's head on the spear - represents evil/Satan/darkness.
Lord of the Flies page 2
LIST OF MAIN CHARACTERS:
Ralph
Jack Merridew
Piggy
Simon
USE OF LITERARY DEVICES:
Dramatic Irony
Jack says, “We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages.”
Hyperbole
“They walked along, two continents of experience and feeling…”
Foreshadowing
Simon says twice to Ralph, “You’ll get back all right.”
Personification
“Authority sat on his shoulder and chattered in his ear…”
“The sun gazed down like an angry eye.”
Simile
“The sun gazed down like an angry eye.”
Alliteration
“…hopeless fear on flying feet rushing through the forest.”
Metaphor
“He…became fear: hopeless fear…”
Lord of the Flies page 3
IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER:
● This story is written from the all-knowing narrator, third person point of view.
● The setting of the story is an uninhabited island in the South Pacific.
● The fire on the mountain is a means of signaling to passing ships. It also symbolizes civilization.
● Piggy contributes to the signal fire by allowing his glasses to be used as a fire starter.
● Jack and Ralph are at odds because they have different goals. Jack feels hunting for meat is the most important thing and Ralph wants to provide shelter for the boys and plan a rescue.
● Ralph, Piggy, and Simon are in conflict with the rest of the boys because they are the voices of reason trying to re-establish a society that will result in their working together to be saved.
● The beast from the air is a dead pilot that has landed on the island. His parachute is caught in the trees and flaps in the wind creating the illusion of a living breathing creature.
● Simon hallucinates that the pig’s head is speaking to him.
● Simon climbs the mountain, sees the beast for what it is and returns to the group to tell them. The hunters are dancing and chanting around the pig’s head and when Simon stumbles out of the forest, they mistake him for the beast and kill him in a frenzy of spears, claws, and teeth.
● Piggy is the next boy to die. Roger pushes a large rock and knocks Piggy over the side of the cliff. The conch shell is crushed as well signifying the end of law and order.
● Ralph realizes that he is in danger and hides in the underbrush. The boys set fire to the underbrush to draw Ralph out and set fire to the entire island.
● The boys are rescued by a naval officer that was attracted to the island by the smoke.
Be prepared to discuss one of the following:
● The three beasts and what they appear to be as well as the source of the real beast.
● The progression of savagery of Jack and the hunters.
● The natural condition of man: are we inherently good or evil?
By William Golding
Study Guide
Key Ideas:
1. The title of the novel, Lord of the Flies, refers literally to the translation of the word Beelzebub, which can mean: the devil, Satan, or chief devil. When the head of a pig is impaled on a stick and begins to attract flies, the boys refer to it as the Lord of the flies. It represents the devil in form, though throughout the book, Golding shows how evil is present in all of us and within the boys themselves.
2. In the beginning the mood is one of joy and freedom as the boys discover an island paradise without adults. The mood, however, slowly turns to one of darkness and fear, as everything breaks up. At the end, there is no authority or discipline, only savagery, evil, death, and destruction.
3. From beginning to end, Golding has structured Lord of the Flies around the ideas of man's fallen nature and his basic inhumanity to his fellow man. The novel begins with a group of boys who have tried to escape the ravages and savagery of a nuclear war. They crash on an island, a beautiful, tropical paradise. The boys are delighted to be there, away from adults and rules. But they quickly turn their freedom into a nightmare, reverting from civilized to primitive; in the process they become savages and two boys are killed.
4. The symbolic outcome of the story is tragic. The boys revert to a base state of evil and savagery. They ignore the rational advice of Ralph and Piggy and begin to relish brutality, killing Simon and Piggy in the process. Through the outcome, Golding says that mankind often reverts to evil and savagery when placed in a natural, uncivilized environment.
SYMBOLISM
The novel is full of colorful symbolism. Some of the symbols are interpreted below:
The Island - It represents a Garden of Eden, then after the boys arrive, it represents the corrupt nature of mankind.
Piggy's eyeglasses - represents wisdom and knowledge.
The conch shell - represents civilization and authority. It is also a symbol of democracy.
The Signal fire - represents hope and salvation; rescue.
The death of Piggy and the destruction of the conch - represents the absolute breakdown of society and reason.
The pig's head on the spear - represents evil/Satan/darkness.
Lord of the Flies page 2
LIST OF MAIN CHARACTERS:
Ralph
Jack Merridew
Piggy
Simon
USE OF LITERARY DEVICES:
Dramatic Irony
Jack says, “We’ve got to have rules and obey them. After all, we’re not savages.”
Hyperbole
“They walked along, two continents of experience and feeling…”
Foreshadowing
Simon says twice to Ralph, “You’ll get back all right.”
Personification
“Authority sat on his shoulder and chattered in his ear…”
“The sun gazed down like an angry eye.”
Simile
“The sun gazed down like an angry eye.”
Alliteration
“…hopeless fear on flying feet rushing through the forest.”
Metaphor
“He…became fear: hopeless fear…”
Lord of the Flies page 3
IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER:
● This story is written from the all-knowing narrator, third person point of view.
● The setting of the story is an uninhabited island in the South Pacific.
● The fire on the mountain is a means of signaling to passing ships. It also symbolizes civilization.
● Piggy contributes to the signal fire by allowing his glasses to be used as a fire starter.
● Jack and Ralph are at odds because they have different goals. Jack feels hunting for meat is the most important thing and Ralph wants to provide shelter for the boys and plan a rescue.
● Ralph, Piggy, and Simon are in conflict with the rest of the boys because they are the voices of reason trying to re-establish a society that will result in their working together to be saved.
● The beast from the air is a dead pilot that has landed on the island. His parachute is caught in the trees and flaps in the wind creating the illusion of a living breathing creature.
● Simon hallucinates that the pig’s head is speaking to him.
● Simon climbs the mountain, sees the beast for what it is and returns to the group to tell them. The hunters are dancing and chanting around the pig’s head and when Simon stumbles out of the forest, they mistake him for the beast and kill him in a frenzy of spears, claws, and teeth.
● Piggy is the next boy to die. Roger pushes a large rock and knocks Piggy over the side of the cliff. The conch shell is crushed as well signifying the end of law and order.
● Ralph realizes that he is in danger and hides in the underbrush. The boys set fire to the underbrush to draw Ralph out and set fire to the entire island.
● The boys are rescued by a naval officer that was attracted to the island by the smoke.
Be prepared to discuss one of the following:
● The three beasts and what they appear to be as well as the source of the real beast.
● The progression of savagery of Jack and the hunters.
● The natural condition of man: are we inherently good or evil?
Tuesday, February 15, 2011
LOTF chapter by chapter summary
Lord of the Flies Chapter Summaries
This chapter summary of Lord of the Flies is intended as a review or preview of the novel. It is not intended as a substitute for reading.
Chapter 1: The Sound of the Shell - A plane evacuating British boys has been shot down in the Pacific. The boys had been ejected safely from the plane and have landed on a remote island. With no adult supervision, they attempt to establish order and a plan for survival. They elect a chief (Ralph) and he selects Jack Merridew, a militant choir bully, to rule over the choir, who become hunters. We also meet Piggy in chapter 1. Piggy is fat, suffers from asthma, and has no social skills. He immediately becomes the target of the other boys who make fun of him.
Piggy finds a conch shell and shows Ralph how to blow it. The sound of the shell calls the boys together for assemblies and to discuss important matters. At each assembly, the boy holding the conch is the only one allowed to speak. At the assembly, Jack, Simon, and Ralph decide to explore the island. They confirm their suspicions that they are on an island. Towards the end of chapter 1, the three explorers find a trapped pig. The pig gets away.
Chapter 2: Fire on the Mountain - The three boys return from their exploration and call an assembly. One of the littleuns mentions a snake thing, a beastie, which sends fear throughout the group. They debate its existence and determine the littluns were having nightmares. Ralph decides they need to make a fire on the mountain as a rescue signal. They use Piggy's glasses to light the fire. The fire rages out of control. One of the littleuns dies in the conflagration (a fancy word for large fire). Piggy and Jack argue.
Chapter 3: Huts on the Beach - Jack is obsessed with hunting pigs although he has yet to catch one. Ralph and Simon work on the huts. Everyone else plays. Jack has become savage in his quest for blood. Ralph and Jack argue. Simon wanders off, helps the littluns get fruit, and continues to an isolated location.
Chapter 4: Painted Faces and Long Hair - Roger and Maurice bully the littluns on the beach. They are still, however, held back by rules they learned in civilization. Jack paints his face for hunting. His mask liberates him from the rules of civilization. He leads the boys on a hunting expedition. As Jack and the hunters are out, a ship passes by. Ralph realizes the hunters have let the fire go out. He races to the top, but is unable to light it in time. Jack and the hunters return with a pig. Ralph and Jack argue. Jack punches Piggy in the gut. One of Piggy's lenses break from his glasses. The boys cook the pig and have a feast. Ralph announces a meeting.
Chapter 5: Beast From Water - Ralph tries to set things in order. He reestablishes rules regarding the fire and where to go to the bathroom. The subject of the beast is brought up. Jack argues the island is too small for a beast. One of the boys claims the beast comes from the sea. The boys argue. Simon suggests that they are the beast. They all make fun of him. The arguing continues. Jack storms away from the meeting with his hunters, who make horrific sounds in the darkness. Piggy begs Ralph to call them back with the conch. He longs for grown ups to make things right.
Chapter 6: Beast from Air - A plane is shot down high above as the children sleep. A dead parachutist lands on the island, stuck in the rocks and trees. Samneric see the dead parachutist and mistake it for the beast. The boys hunt for the beast. They can't find it. Jack thinks he's found a good fort from which to throw rocks at people. After not finding the beast, Ralph notices the fire has gone out. None of the others, especially Jack, seem to care.
Chapter 7: Shadow and Tall Trees - The hunt for the beast continues. The boys come across a pig run and Ralph sticks a boar in the nose with a spear. The boar escapes. The boys act out a pig hunt with Robert playing the part of the pig. Even Ralph enjoys the spectacle. The quest for the beast continues until evening. Jack, Ralph, and Roger agree to scale the mountain. The three boys see the dead parachutist who they mistake for the beast and run away as fast as they can.
Chapter 8: Gift for the Darkness - Jack calls a meeting, insults Ralph, and asks for Ralph to no longer be chief. Nobody else agrees. Jack, embarassed, leaves the tribe and goes into the forest. The assembly continues. Simon suggests they go up the mountain. Piggy suggests they build the fire on the beach since the beast is on the mountain. The boys gather wood. The littluns sing and dance. Roger, Bill, Maurice, and other biguns escape into the woods, following Jack. Simon has also disappeared into his secret spot.
The hunters track down a pig and kill it. They chop off its head and offer it to the beast as a sacrifice. Flies swarm. The hunters race back to the beach to steal fire. Simon arrives at the pig's head after the hunters have left. He imagines the pig's head is speaking to him. The pig's head tells Simon he can't escape. Jack's hunters raid Ralph's camp for fire and invite the others.
Chapter 9: The View to a Death - Simon passes out and wakes up. He explores, discovers the truth about the beast, and heads immediately to the beach to tell the others. Meanwhile, all the boys have left the original camp to join Jack's hunters. Even Ralph and Piggy go. There's a dispute. It rains. Jack and his hunters begin their chant. Simon appears from the forest. They kill him. The dead parachutist is driven by the wind, over the boys, and out to sea. After the storm ceases, the boys gather around dead Simon as his body is washed out to sea.
Chapter 10: The Shell and the Glasses - Ralph, Piggy and Samneric are the only ones left in the original tribe. Ralph and Piggy express their horror over witnessing/participating in Simon's murder. Jack and his crew have taken up residence at the fort. Roger approaches and is told of one of the boys (Wilfred) being tied up and whipped. Jack and his tribe have been transformed into savages. They plot to steal fire. They raid Ralph and Piggy's camp and steal Piggy's glasses.
Chapter 11: Castle Rock - Piggy declares his intention to confront Ralph and demand his glasses back. The four boys go to castle rock, conch in hand. Ralph blows the conch at the fort entrance. Ralph and Jack spar. Ralph demands Piggy's glasses. Jack's savages tie up Samneric. Piggy tries to talk sense into the savages. Roger wedges the giant rock loose. It smashes the conch and knocks Piggy off the cliff. Jack and the others throw spears at Ralph, who runs away.
Chapter 12: Cry of the Hunters - Ralph flees and returns at night to speak with Samneric who are the new guards. They warn Ralph to go away. Ralph learns the tribe will hunt him the next day like a pig. Roger is sharpening a stick at both ends. Ralph hides in a thicket. One of the twins gives away Ralph's location. They eventually fill the thicket with smoke. Ralph charges out and runs for his life. The hunters pursue. Ralph notices the island has caught fire. The hunters chase Ralph down to the beach where he finds a naval officer there to rescue them.
This chapter summary of Lord of the Flies is intended as a review or preview of the novel. It is not intended as a substitute for reading.
Chapter 1: The Sound of the Shell - A plane evacuating British boys has been shot down in the Pacific. The boys had been ejected safely from the plane and have landed on a remote island. With no adult supervision, they attempt to establish order and a plan for survival. They elect a chief (Ralph) and he selects Jack Merridew, a militant choir bully, to rule over the choir, who become hunters. We also meet Piggy in chapter 1. Piggy is fat, suffers from asthma, and has no social skills. He immediately becomes the target of the other boys who make fun of him.
Piggy finds a conch shell and shows Ralph how to blow it. The sound of the shell calls the boys together for assemblies and to discuss important matters. At each assembly, the boy holding the conch is the only one allowed to speak. At the assembly, Jack, Simon, and Ralph decide to explore the island. They confirm their suspicions that they are on an island. Towards the end of chapter 1, the three explorers find a trapped pig. The pig gets away.
Chapter 2: Fire on the Mountain - The three boys return from their exploration and call an assembly. One of the littleuns mentions a snake thing, a beastie, which sends fear throughout the group. They debate its existence and determine the littluns were having nightmares. Ralph decides they need to make a fire on the mountain as a rescue signal. They use Piggy's glasses to light the fire. The fire rages out of control. One of the littleuns dies in the conflagration (a fancy word for large fire). Piggy and Jack argue.
Chapter 3: Huts on the Beach - Jack is obsessed with hunting pigs although he has yet to catch one. Ralph and Simon work on the huts. Everyone else plays. Jack has become savage in his quest for blood. Ralph and Jack argue. Simon wanders off, helps the littluns get fruit, and continues to an isolated location.
Chapter 4: Painted Faces and Long Hair - Roger and Maurice bully the littluns on the beach. They are still, however, held back by rules they learned in civilization. Jack paints his face for hunting. His mask liberates him from the rules of civilization. He leads the boys on a hunting expedition. As Jack and the hunters are out, a ship passes by. Ralph realizes the hunters have let the fire go out. He races to the top, but is unable to light it in time. Jack and the hunters return with a pig. Ralph and Jack argue. Jack punches Piggy in the gut. One of Piggy's lenses break from his glasses. The boys cook the pig and have a feast. Ralph announces a meeting.
Chapter 5: Beast From Water - Ralph tries to set things in order. He reestablishes rules regarding the fire and where to go to the bathroom. The subject of the beast is brought up. Jack argues the island is too small for a beast. One of the boys claims the beast comes from the sea. The boys argue. Simon suggests that they are the beast. They all make fun of him. The arguing continues. Jack storms away from the meeting with his hunters, who make horrific sounds in the darkness. Piggy begs Ralph to call them back with the conch. He longs for grown ups to make things right.
Chapter 6: Beast from Air - A plane is shot down high above as the children sleep. A dead parachutist lands on the island, stuck in the rocks and trees. Samneric see the dead parachutist and mistake it for the beast. The boys hunt for the beast. They can't find it. Jack thinks he's found a good fort from which to throw rocks at people. After not finding the beast, Ralph notices the fire has gone out. None of the others, especially Jack, seem to care.
Chapter 7: Shadow and Tall Trees - The hunt for the beast continues. The boys come across a pig run and Ralph sticks a boar in the nose with a spear. The boar escapes. The boys act out a pig hunt with Robert playing the part of the pig. Even Ralph enjoys the spectacle. The quest for the beast continues until evening. Jack, Ralph, and Roger agree to scale the mountain. The three boys see the dead parachutist who they mistake for the beast and run away as fast as they can.
Chapter 8: Gift for the Darkness - Jack calls a meeting, insults Ralph, and asks for Ralph to no longer be chief. Nobody else agrees. Jack, embarassed, leaves the tribe and goes into the forest. The assembly continues. Simon suggests they go up the mountain. Piggy suggests they build the fire on the beach since the beast is on the mountain. The boys gather wood. The littluns sing and dance. Roger, Bill, Maurice, and other biguns escape into the woods, following Jack. Simon has also disappeared into his secret spot.
The hunters track down a pig and kill it. They chop off its head and offer it to the beast as a sacrifice. Flies swarm. The hunters race back to the beach to steal fire. Simon arrives at the pig's head after the hunters have left. He imagines the pig's head is speaking to him. The pig's head tells Simon he can't escape. Jack's hunters raid Ralph's camp for fire and invite the others.
Chapter 9: The View to a Death - Simon passes out and wakes up. He explores, discovers the truth about the beast, and heads immediately to the beach to tell the others. Meanwhile, all the boys have left the original camp to join Jack's hunters. Even Ralph and Piggy go. There's a dispute. It rains. Jack and his hunters begin their chant. Simon appears from the forest. They kill him. The dead parachutist is driven by the wind, over the boys, and out to sea. After the storm ceases, the boys gather around dead Simon as his body is washed out to sea.
Chapter 10: The Shell and the Glasses - Ralph, Piggy and Samneric are the only ones left in the original tribe. Ralph and Piggy express their horror over witnessing/participating in Simon's murder. Jack and his crew have taken up residence at the fort. Roger approaches and is told of one of the boys (Wilfred) being tied up and whipped. Jack and his tribe have been transformed into savages. They plot to steal fire. They raid Ralph and Piggy's camp and steal Piggy's glasses.
Chapter 11: Castle Rock - Piggy declares his intention to confront Ralph and demand his glasses back. The four boys go to castle rock, conch in hand. Ralph blows the conch at the fort entrance. Ralph and Jack spar. Ralph demands Piggy's glasses. Jack's savages tie up Samneric. Piggy tries to talk sense into the savages. Roger wedges the giant rock loose. It smashes the conch and knocks Piggy off the cliff. Jack and the others throw spears at Ralph, who runs away.
Chapter 12: Cry of the Hunters - Ralph flees and returns at night to speak with Samneric who are the new guards. They warn Ralph to go away. Ralph learns the tribe will hunt him the next day like a pig. Roger is sharpening a stick at both ends. Ralph hides in a thicket. One of the twins gives away Ralph's location. They eventually fill the thicket with smoke. Ralph charges out and runs for his life. The hunters pursue. Ralph notices the island has caught fire. The hunters chase Ralph down to the beach where he finds a naval officer there to rescue them.
Sunday, February 13, 2011
Saturday, February 5, 2011
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